Contracts - Expression of Intent II

Original post by www.taiwanlawresources.com

Expression of Intent explained in the Civil Code:

Article

第 94 條

對話人為意思表示者，其意思表示，以相對人了解時，發生效力。

Article 94

An expression of intent inter presents becomes effective at the moment when the person to whom it is made understands it well.

Vocabulary

對話人 [duìhuàrén] /speaker/expressor/

為 [wèi] /to make/to do/

意思表示 [yìsībiǎoshì] /expressed intention/declaration of will/

者 [zhě] /-ist, -er (person)/person (who does sth)/

其 [qí] /his/her/its/theirs/that/such/it (refers to sth preceding it)/

以 [yǐ] /according to/so as to/in order to/by/

相對人 [xiāngduìrén] /the concerned person/

了解 [liǎojiě] /understand/come to understand/

時 [shí] /when/

發生 [fāshēng] /to happen/to occur/to take place/

效力 [xiàolì] /(n) positive effect; efficacy/binding effect/

Study

意思表示 is defined as a declaration of will or more simply an offer. This Article explains that when the offeror’s(表意人) offer is understood by the concerned party(相對人) the offer becomes binding. Also, the use of 對話人assumes that the offer is made ‘inter presents’ and not ‘inter absents’ as expressed below.

Article

第 95 條

非對話而為意思表示者，其意思表示，以通知達到相對人時，發生效力。

但撤回之通知，同時或先時到達者，不在此限 。

表意人於發出通知後死亡或喪失行為能力或其行為能力受限制者，其意思表示，不因之失其效力。

Article 95

An expression of intent inter absents becomes effective at the moment when the notification of the expression reaches such other party, except when the withdrawal of the notification previously or simultaneously reaches such other party.

The fact that after the notification of the expression the expresser dies, or becomes no capacity to make juridical acts, or is limited in capacity to make juridical acts, shall not null the expression of intent.

Vocabulary

非 [fēi] /non-/not-/un-/

對話 [duìhuà] /dialog in real time/

而 [ér] /語氣詞,無義/

為 [wèi] /to make/to do/

意思表示 [yìsībiǎoshì] /expressed intention/declaration of will/

者 [zhě] /-ist, -er (person)/person (who does sth)/

其 [qí] /his/her/its/theirs/that/such/it (refers to sth preceding it)/

以 [yǐ] /according to/so as to/in order to/by/

通知 [tōngzhī] /notify/inform/notice/notification/

達到 [dádào] /to reach/to achieve/to attain/

相對人 [xiāngduìrén] /the concerned person/

時 [shí] /when/

發生 [fāshēng] /to happen/to occur/to take place/

效力 [xiàolì] /(n) positive effect; efficacy/binding effect/

但 [dàn] /but/yet/however/only/merely/still/

撤回 [chèhuí] /withdraw/

之 [zhī] /(literary equivalent of 的)/

同時 [tóngshí] /at the same time/simultaneously/

或 [huò] /or/

先 [xiān] /early/prior/former/in advance/first/

到達 [dàodá] /to reach/to arrive/

不在此限 [bùzàicǐxiàn] /shall not be subject to this restriction/

表意人 [biǎoyìrén] /expressor/

於 [yú] /in/at/

發出 [fāchū] /to send out/to issue/

後 [hòu] /back/behind/rear/afterwards/after/later/

死亡 [sǐwáng] /death/deadly/

喪失 [sàngshī] /lose/forfeit/

行為能力 [xíngwéinénglì] /capacity/capacity of disposition/disposing capacity/

受 [shòu] /to bear/to stand/to endure/

限制 [xiànzhì] /(impose) restrictions/to limit/to bound/to restrict/

不因之失［效］ [bù zhī yīn shī xiào] /shall not nullify/